Whatever floats our boats…..

Mass, Weight and Density:  How Heavy Boats Stay Afloat

Today we talked about mass, weight, and density, and what makes things float. McCall students already knew that mass is the amount of MATTER in an object (without the influence of gravity), weight depends on GRAVITY, and that volume is the amount of SPACE an object takes up.  These concepts are important when trying to understand density. We looked at different demonstrations, which showed that LESS dense objects FLOAT, while MORE dense objects SINK.

As we discussed the ability of more-dense objects (like metal boats!) to float under certain circumstances, we introduced the idea of average density.

For our experiment, the students were given aluminum foil, small “oceans,” and a cup of aquarium gravel. Each team constructed a rectangular boat out of the foil and determined its volume. By calculating the mass of the water displaced by the boat, we were able to predict how much gravel our aluminum foil boats should be able to support before they would sink. Student found that engineering a boat that would actually carry its predicted mass of cargo depended on both accurate measurements and careful engineering design.

The insight into average density that students gained from boat-building helped them to figure out what was happening in a “poly-density bottle” that was a puzzle to them at the beginning of class. Filled with salt water and less dense isopropanol, and with pony beads of two densities, the bottle’s contents are arranged differently when the two liquids are separated than when they are mixed.

Additional Information:

Ask your student to explain The Poly-Density Bottle Enigma to you! http://blog.teachersource.com/2014/05/20/poly-density-bottle/

 

Masa, Peso y Densidad: Cómo los botes pesados se mantienen a flote

Hoy conversamos sobre la masa, el peso, la densidad y qué es lo que hace que las cosas floten. Primero analizamos las diferencias entre masa y peso. La masa es la cantidad de material en un objeto (sin la influencia de la gravedad) y el peso depende de la gravedad. También hablamos sobre el volumen, el cual es la cantidad de espacio que tiene un objeto. Estos conceptos son muy importantes a la hora de entender la densidad. Observamos diferentes demostraciones que nos mostraron que los objetos menos densos flotan, mientras que los objetos más densos se hunden.

Para nuestro experimento, a los estudiantes se les entregó papel de aluminio, unos pequeños estanques y una taza de gravilla para acuarios. Cada equipo construyó, usando el papel aluminio, un bote rectangular y calcularon su volumen. Luego calcularon la densidad del bote (masa dividido por volumen), lo que les permitió predecir cuánta gravilla podrían agregar en los botes antes que éstos se hundieran. Al igual que los ingenieros, debieron realizar cálculos de manera cuidadosa sobre el volumen de la embarcación y sobre la cantidad de agua que los barcos desplazarán, para así poder calcular de manera correcta la cantidad de gravilla que los barcos pueden llevar sin hundirse. También examinamos botellas de plástico rellenas con frijoles; una de las botellas era seis veces más pesada que las otras, para ilustrar las diferencias de peso en un objeto en la Tierra y en la Luna. Los estudiantes también observaron una botella de poli-densidad. Esta botella fue un misterio para los estudiantes; está llena con agua salada e isopropanol y con unas cuentas de distinta densidad.

Información adicional:

Pídale a su hijo o hija que le explique el enigma de la botella de poli-densidad:

http://blog.teachersource.com/2014/05/20/poly-density-bottle/

Author

Dr. Catherine Sukow

Dr. Sukow's interest in science education began when she was a teenager, with an extended visit to San Francisco's Exploratorium. In college, she had summer jobs in a similar, smaller, museum. She focused her Master's research at NCSU on the structure of metal silicides on silicon, and her Ph. D. work at Brandeis on the structure of crossbridged actin bundles. While volunteering in her childrens' schools, she was reminded how much fun it is to teach science, and is happy to be teaching now with Science from Scientists. In her spare time, she also enjoys yoga, choral and solo singing, and attempting a variety of international cuisines.

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